測(cè)量支撐全球貿(mào)易

你是否設(shè)想過(guò)在全球范圍內(nèi)交易的產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)共有多少？或考慮過(guò)跨境傳輸?shù)碾姟獾饶茉从卸嗌伲磕慊蛟S不知道確切的數(shù)量，并把測(cè)量當(dāng)作理所當(dāng)然，相信制造商、運(yùn)輸商和政府的所作所為會(huì)確保商品交易和運(yùn)輸?shù)墓脚c安全。

令人欣慰的是，目前國(guó)際上已建立起一整套為精準(zhǔn)測(cè)量提供必要保證和信心的體系，成為全球貿(mào)易的堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。

根據(jù)世界貿(mào)易組織（WTO）提供的數(shù)據(jù)，2018年，全球產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易額達(dá)到了創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的19.67萬(wàn)億美元。鑒于其中很大一部分產(chǎn)品的價(jià)格是使用法定計(jì)量單位來(lái)確定的，計(jì)量在全球貿(mào)易中所發(fā)揮的巨大，而且非常關(guān)鍵的作用，是顯而易見的。

在國(guó)家和國(guó)際層面，政府采用技術(shù)法規(guī)和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)保護(hù)生產(chǎn)者和消費(fèi)者。據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)合作與發(fā)展組織（OECD）估計(jì)，約80%的全球貿(mào)易受到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或法規(guī)的影響。為確保標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和法規(guī)的使用不會(huì)成為技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘（TBT），從而導(dǎo)致成本增加、妨礙貨物自由流通或要求重復(fù)檢測(cè)，完善的測(cè)量體系一定是不可或缺的。

對(duì)產(chǎn)品要求的符合性評(píng)價(jià)的信任可以降低成本，增強(qiáng)企業(yè)和消費(fèi)者的信心，而這也得益于強(qiáng)大而有效的全球計(jì)量體系。

我們每一個(gè)人的生活都依賴于從附近的某個(gè)商店或地處世界另一端的某個(gè)國(guó)家運(yùn)輸而來(lái)的物品，準(zhǔn)確的測(cè)量可確保我們所需的產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)安全可靠地送達(dá)。

作為國(guó)際法制計(jì)量局（BIML）和國(guó)際計(jì)量局（BIPM）局長(zhǎng)，我們將積極致力于提升計(jì)量在全球貿(mào)易中發(fā)揮重要作用，以保障公平和信心，保護(hù)生產(chǎn)者和消費(fèi)者的權(quán)益。

“Measurements for global trade”

Have you ever wondered how many products and services are traded across the world, or considered how much energy crosses borders as either electricity or gas? You may not be aware of the exact amounts and take measurements for granted, putting trust in what manufacturers, transporters and governments do to ensure fairness and safety in the trade and transport of commodities.

Fortunately, international systems have been established to provide the necessary assurance and confidence that these measurements are accurate, and that they are a sound basis for global trade.

According to the World Trade Organization (WTO)1, the global trade of products was a record US$ 19.67 trillion in 2018. Considering that the price of a significant proportion of the global trade of products is determined using legal units of measurement, it becomes clear that metrology plays a huge – and indeed critical – role in global trade.

Technical regulations and standards are adopted by governments to protect both producers and consumers at national and international levels. The Organisation for Economic Co- operation and Development (OECD) estimates that about 80 % of global trade is affected by standards or regulations. A sound measurement system must be in place, so that the application of standards and regulations does not become a technical barrier to trade (TBT) which would lead to increased costs, inhibit the free flow of goods, or require repeated testing.

Trust in the assessment of conformity against specifications reduces costs and increases confidence for businesses and consumers; this is underpinned by the strong and effective worldwide metrology system.

We all depend on items that are transported to us, either from a store nearby or from a country on the other side of the world. Accurate measurements ensure that the goods and services we need are delivered safely and reliably.

As Directors of the International Bureau of Legal Metrology (BIML) and the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM), we work actively to elevate the importance of the role that measurement plays in global trade to ensure fairness, confidence, and protection of both the producer and consumer.